Majiang County is the hometown of Xia Tonghe, the top student in the late Qing Dynasty. It is an advanced county in forestry ecological construction in the country and the top 100 counties in afforestation and greening in the country. It is the largest blueberry base county in southern China, the hometown of red garlic in China, and the hometown of zinc and selenium rice in China. It is the top ten counties in China's blueberry industry science and technology innovation, the seventh batch of national excellent demonstration zone for agricultural standardization, the national quality and safety demonstration zone for export food and agricultural products, the national organic product certification demonstration zone, the national pilot demonstration county for rural industrial integration development, and the first batch of rural domestic waste classification and resource utilization demonstration counties in the country.

1. Administrative division

The county has a land area of 960 square kilometers, and it has 4 towns, 1 township and 2 streets (Xingshan Street, Jinzhu Street, Xuanwei Town, Gudong Town, Longshan Town, Xianchang Town, and Bamangbuyi Township), 63 administrative villages, 328 villager groups, 7 community residents' committees, and 44 residential groups.

Administrative villages and communities under the jurisdiction of each township (street):

Xingshan Street: Qunying Community, Chengjiang Community, Chengguan Village, Dianchong Village, Guyang Village, Liangtian Village, Qingshan Village, Xingshan Village, Xiaobao Village

Jinzhu Street: Phoenix Community, Xinxing Community, Guanjinghu Community, Liubao Village, Longchang Village, Zhongba Village, Xianba Village, Xingping Village, Heshan Village

Xuanwei Town: Xuanwei Community Residents Committee, Wengpao Village, Jidong Village, Pingding Village, Labai Village, Bijia Village, Zhongzhai Village, Langya Village, Yanying Village, Chengzhong Village, Xianning Village, Guangming Village, Wengbao Village, Kawu Village, Fujiang Village, Longjiang Village, Bifu Village, Jiashu Village

Gudong Town: Gudong Community Residents Committee, Gudong Village, Chashan Village, Lebu Village, Jingyang Village, Dachong Village, Daping Village, Hebian Village, Lanshan Village, Baisha Village, Huangniu Village, Wengniu Village, Maocao Village, Gantang Village

Longshan Town: Longshan Village, Datang Village, Fuxing Village, Heba Village, Ganqiao Village, Gonghe Village, Mengjiang Village

Xianchang Town: Xinchang Village, Gaoliang Village, Yanshan Village, Jiaer Village, Yingshan Village, Xianchang Village

Bamangbuyi ethnic township: Dakaitian Village, Shuicheng Village, Bahe Village, Limu Village, Leping Village, Maotou Village, Wengshui Village

2. Historical changes

Majiang has a long history. It belonged to the jurisdiction of Qilan County during the Qin and Han Dynasties. The Sui and Tang dynasties belonged to Binhua County. In the 26th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1156), the Leping Pingyi Xuanfu Division and the Maha Pingman Fu Division were established. Maxia County was established in the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1292). Maha Prefecture was established in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), Maha Prefecture was abolished and Maha County was renamed Majiang County in the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930). Majiang was liberated on November 14, 1949, and the Majiang County People's Government was established on the 23rd, which was affiliated to Dushan Special Zone. In 1956, it was re-entered for the Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in Southeast Guizhou. In January 1959, Majiang County was abolished and merged into Kaili City. On August 18, 1961, Majiang County has been established until now. On September 15, 2014, the Guizhou Provincial Government approved the allocation of Xiasi Town and Bibo Town in Majiang County to the jurisdiction of Kaili City. On January 14, 2016, in accordance with the spirit of the document No. 10 of the Guizhou Provincial People's Government Guizhou Provincial People's Government [2016], it agreed to abolish the establishment of Xingshan Street and Jinzhu Street in Xingshan Town, Majiang County.

3. Cultural Tourism

Majiang County has 1 national 4A-level tourist attraction, 6 national 3A-level tourist attraction, 1 tourist A-level village, 5 tourist B-level villages, etc. The county's tourism has beautiful clear water and rivers, the national forest health care base, the Blue Dream Valley, the "old-off town" Wuyangma Miao Village, etc.; there are cultural attractions such as Xia Tonghe, the former residence of the provincial cultural relics protection unit in the late Qing Dynasty; there are national 4A-level blueberry ecological tourism scenic spots and 10,000 mu blueberry gardens; there are thousands of mu Juyuan Medicine Valley Jiangcun Scenic Area; there are Houba Intangible Cultural Heritage Creative Workshop integrating national cultural heritage training, cultural and creative design, production and sales, and display experience; there are Ma'an Ecological Sports Park that integrates ecological tourism, sports, leisure, and entertainment; there are Miao style singing and dancing performances, bullfighting, cockfighting, birdfighting, and dogfighting Such as folk sports competitions; there are traditional villages with unique ethnic characteristics and customs and strong atmosphere such as Jinzhu Liubao, Xuanwei Wuyangma, Longshan Heba, Longshan Revival, and other traditional villages with unique ethnic characteristics and customs and strong atmosphere. They are ideal destinations for ecological tourism, leisure and vacation and other tourism activities. They are also the location of 58 intangible cultural heritage projects including Maple Scent Printing and Dyeing Techniques, Miao brocade weaving skills, Miao medicine (bone marrow and bone injury ointment), She Bacao dance, She Phoenix Clothing, Yao martial arts, Yao winter, Yao clothing, Yao wedding customs, Yao New Year, Miao drum festival, Miao martial arts, Miao sour soup fish making skills, Mulao New Year and other 58 intangible cultural heritage projects.

The main tourist attractions in Majiang include: Blueberry Ecological Tourism Scenic Area, Tonghe Zhuangyuanfu Scenic Area, Wuyang Ma Miaozhai Scenic Area, Yaogu Jiangcun Scenic Area, Ma'anshan Ecological Sports Park, Houba Ethnic Folk Expo Park, etc.

IV. Ethnic and Religion

Majiang County has a minority population of 140,703, accounting for 81.55% of the county's total population. A total of 32 ethnic groups live in harmony in the county. There are 16 ethnic minority villages in the county (including 8 national-level characteristic villages) and 14 ethnic minority villages in the county. There is one ethnic township in the county (Bamangbuyi ethnic township) and two ethnic township policies and benefits (Xianchang Town and Gudong Town).
Majiang County takes high-quality development as a whole, takes the forging of a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation as the main line, seizes major policy opportunities such as the Xinguofa Document No. 2, the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government support high-quality development of ethnic regions, and support Qiandongnan Prefecture to build a "bridgehead" for connecting and integrating into the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. It closely focuses on the "four new" and the main strategy of "four modernizations" and the key tasks of "promoting advantages and strengthening industries, making up for shortcomings and benefiting people's livelihood, preventing risks and maintaining stability", and grasps the publicity and education of the Chinese nation's sense of community, the creation of ethnic unity and progress, the inheritance and protection of ethnic culture, and the management of religious affairs, actively safeguards social security and stability in the ethnic and religious fields, and contributes the positive strength of the ethnic and religious traditions to the high-quality economic and social development of Majiang.

In 2023, three units including the County Party Committee Office, Bamang Township, and Guanjinghu Community of Jinzhu Street will be provincial-level demonstration units for ethnic unity and progress. We will strive for 4.9 million yuan in the development of ethnic minorities, 100,000 yuan in the provincial ethnic work fund, and 580,000 yuan in the provincial ethnic work fund, which will be used to implement the integrated development and construction of tourism in villages with ethnic characteristics, ethnic unity canteens, ethnic characteristic industries, and forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation to help rural revitalization. The 16 enterprises were reviewed and identified as civilian trade and civilian products enterprises, and they declared to receive 1.6928 million yuan in interest subsidies. Continue to promote the construction of the "four members" linkage system, implement the work responsibilities of the "four members" team of religious work, guide the management of folk belief activities in the jurisdiction, strictly implement the responsibility system for guarantee, and guide the orderly conduct of activities at two folk belief points to ensure the standardized management of folk belief activities venues. Pay attention to the combination of policy propaganda and ideological guidance, make full use of favorable opportunities such as folk festival activities, ethnic unity and progress education and publicity month, religious policies and regulations publicity month, and actively carry out religious "guidance" work, and actively guide religious work to adapt to socialist society.

5. Technological innovation

Majiang County focuses on key industries, leverages the advantages of scientific and technological talents resources, and actively applies for various scientific and technological projects to effectively implement scientific and technological achievements in Majiang and support the healthy development of Majiang's industries and enterprises. As of 2023, 75 scientific and technological projects have been successfully applied for and approved, 3 high-tech enterprises have been applied for and recognized, and 5 science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises have been 5. A total of 168 provincial, prefecture and county science and technology commissioners have been selected, achieving full coverage of science and technology services for every village.

6. Urban construction

Municipal infrastructure. The built-up area of Majiang County has reached 5.57 square kilometers. It now has 33 municipal roads, with a length of about 27 kilometers. It has convenient urban transportation. 4 bus routes have been opened, making urban travel relatively convenient. The green space area in the built-up area is 203.07 hectares, the green space area in the park is 78.04 hectares, the green space rate in the built-up area is 36.46%, and the per capita park green space area is 17.8 square meters. Relying on the construction of mountain park pilot counties, Ma'anshan Sports and Leisure Park, Guanjing Lake Wetland Park, and Gaoli Zhuangyuandi Wetland Park have been built, with 6 urban citizen squares and 23 free public toilets in the city, and the quality of life of urban citizens has been significantly improved. 11 urban social public parking lots have been built, with 2,800 parking spaces, making urban parking relatively convenient. Four garbage transfer stations have been built in the middle, east and west of the county. The urban sanitation and cleaning system is relatively complete. The urban road cleaning rate has reached 100%, the mechanized cleaning rate is 96.34%, and the harmless treatment rate of urban domestic waste in the county has reached more than 90%, and the urban sanitation is clean and tidy. The lighting rate of urban street lights reaches more than 98%. 52 old communities have been renovated, involving 1,946 households, and the service functions of old urban communities have been continuously improved.

Urban housing construction. Implement the construction of urban complexes in the east new district and the reconstruction of old cities in the south of the city, and increase the construction of real estate projects. In 2023, the county achieved real estate development investment of 61 million yuan, compared with 125 million yuan in the same period last year, a year-on-year decrease of 51.2%, and the average residential sales price was 2,968 yuan/square meter.

7. Environmental protection

Majiang County adheres to the guidance of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought, thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the spirit of the National and Provincial Ecological Environment Protection Conference, vigorously practice the development concept of "green water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains", firmly guard the two bottom lines of development and ecology, strictly grasp the rectification of problems reported by the ecological environment protection inspection, and make every effort to promote the battle against pollution prevention and control, strengthen ecological environment supervision, make up for the shortcomings in pollution prevention and control, promote the continuous improvement of ecological environment quality, and the county's ecological environment is safe and stable.

Strengthen air pollution prevention and control. Formulate and issue the "Majiang County Air Quality Control Work Plan", implement the county air warning response mechanism, and complete the ultra-low emission transformation of Mingda Cement Company. Majiang County's 2023 Ambient Air Quality Comprehensive Index (AQI) is 2.24, with a 100% ratio of excellent days. The average concentration of inhalable particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide and ozone (O3) in the county all meet the second level standard of the "Ambient Air Quality Standard" (GB3095-2012).

Carry out water pollution prevention and control, urge the normal operation of pollution prevention and control facilities of key industrial enterprises, continue to strengthen supervision of urban sewage treatment facilities, continue to promote the transformation of county-level sewage pipelines, carry out drinking water source monitoring on a regular basis, and complete the rectification of three sewage outlets of important tributaries of the Yangtze River into rivers. In 2023, the centralized drinking water source for Wengweimalong Cave and 22 centralized drinking water sources for more than 1,000 people in the county will stabilize the third-class water quality and above, and the water quality rate of the sections of Xiasi, Kawu and Holly will meet the standard rate of 100%.

The noise of the noise monitoring points in the county town area meets the Class 2 standards of the "Acoustic Environment Quality Standard", and the noise of the traffic noise monitoring points meets the Class 4a standards of the "Acoustic Environment Quality Standard", with a standard compliance rate of 100%. Strengthen the supervision and management of nuclear and radiation safety, conduct 17 inspections of 13 nuclear and radiation enterprises and institutions in the county to prevent and resolve radiation safety risks, the overall quality of the radiation environment in the county is good, and the overall safety of the radiation environment.

8. Reform and opening up

Deepen reforms in key areas. Deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, optimize the allocation of fiscal resources, strengthen budget constraints and budget performance management, and actively and steadily resolve government debts. Deeply implement the three-year action plan for state-owned enterprise reform, strengthen supervision and management of state-owned assets, and make state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises bigger and stronger. Prudently promote comprehensive rural reforms such as the "three rights separation" of homesteads and collective forest rights, and revitalize various rural resources. Continue to deepen the reform of the blueberry production and operation system and explore systems and mechanisms that are conducive to rural revitalization.

Deepen open exchanges and cooperation. Relying on the influence of the "Majiang Blueberry" industry, we will use the advantages of Foshan Avenue to guide production factors to gather in townships such as Xuanwei and Longshan along the route, jointly build a high-level industrial chain and industrial cluster, and strengthen exchanges with surrounding counties and cities in the province. Relying on the counterpart assistance of Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong and the designated assistance opportunities of Nanjing Agricultural University, we will actively integrate into the Yangtze River Economic Belt and Pan-Pearl River Delta Economic Circle to promote comprehensive deepening of exchanges and cooperation among regions.

Promote innovation-driven development. Relying on the construction of the Majiang Rural Revitalization Research Institute platform, we will strengthen cooperation with Nanjing Agricultural University and Guizhou University and other scientific research resources, and focus on key areas such as deep processing of characteristic and advantageous products, break technical bottlenecks and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Implement the key talent doubling plan and establish and improve the talent incentive and evaluation mechanism and talent service guarantee mechanism.

Strengthen the construction of the business environment. Deepen the "deregulation, supervision and service" reform, comprehensively promote the "one-time visit at most" reform, and accelerate the promotion of "one-certificate (license) service" and "one-stop service". Actively promote the reform of the engineering construction project approval system and comprehensively implement the "one-stop service". Continue to implement the "double random, one public" joint supervision and the "red and black list" system to improve supervision efficiency. Improve the policy system to support the healthy development of the private economy, implement tax and fee reduction policies, and make every effort to create a good business environment.

9. Prospects and Goals

We will take high-quality development to take overall control, firmly guard the two bottom lines of development and ecology, implement the three strategic actions of rural revitalization, big data, and big ecology in depth, adhere to the "four wheels" to turn together, adhere to the "five calming hearts", stand at the overall and height of the development of Kaima City, Kaidu Industrial Belt and Qianzhong Economic Zone, focus on the "four new" and focus on the "four modernizations", and in accordance with the spatial layout plan proposed by the provincial party committee and the prefecture government, reasonably adjust the industrial layout, actively cultivate industrial forms, use industrial integration to achieve urban integration, promote the formation of a regional economic layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development of the Kaili Metropolitan Area, and strive to create a new pastoral Majiang future with rich people and beautiful ecology.

In accordance with the economic and social development idea of "12345", we will focus on the spatial layout and economic regional layout of "1 city, 2 towns, 30 central villages", relying on the Kaidu Economic Belt, guided by modern mountain high-efficiency agriculture, and strive to build four major bases for modern mountain high-efficiency agriculture, specialty food processing, tourism, leisure and vacation, and healthy elderly care, and strive to build Majiang into a model area for industrial-city interaction integration, a healthy and characteristic food production area, and a health and leisure tourism service area.

Deeply implement the major ecological strategic action and create a demonstration county for ecological civilization with high quality. Continue to promote strategic actions for big health, promote supply-side structural reform, optimize product structure, continuously increase investment in the large health industry, and accurately plan and implement a number of large health industry projects. Promote the deep integration of big health with big data, big ecology and big tourism, give birth to new industrial formats, and form a new integrated industrial system. Promote the organic integration of health manufacturing and health services, as well as the integrated development of the health industry and related industries, build a full health industry chain of "medical, nursing, health, management, tourism and food", and create a demonstration county for the big health industry with high quality.

In 2024, the county's GDP reached 5.371 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5%. Among them, the primary industry was 1.247 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5%; the secondary industry was 1.031 billion yuan, an increase of 20.6%; and the tertiary industry was 3.093 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9%. The county's fixed asset investment of more than 5 million yuan increased by 213.9% over the previous year (excluding cross-regional). The added value of industrial enterprises above scale increased by 11.0% over the previous year. The county's total fiscal revenue was 271 million yuan, down 17.6%, and tax revenue was 125 million yuan, up 18.4%. General public budget revenue was RMB 215 million, an increase of 7.0%. General public budget expenditure was 1.488 billion yuan, down 7.4%. The balance of RMB deposits of financial institutions in the county was 7.69 billion yuan, an increase of 4.0%; the balance of RMB loans of financial institutions was 9.333 billion yuan, an increase of 7.1%. The total retail sales of consumer goods in the county increased by 3.5%. Wholesale sales increased by 7.8%. Retail sales increased by 5.8%. The accommodation industry's turnover increased by 6.4%. The turnover of the catering industry increased by 8.9%. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 41,022 yuan, an increase of 4.3%; the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 14,777 yuan, an increase of 7.8%.

Majiang County will make every effort to promote the modernization of government governance capabilities, strengthen the party building in the government system, deepen the rule of law government, pay more attention to administration according to law, pay more attention to governing for the people, pay more attention to hard work and develop politics, pay more attention to strict governance, continuously improve the construction of a service-oriented government, strengthen the ability of government cadres, and ensure the smooth completion of all goals.

10. Historical figures

In Majiang generation, there are many wise men and heroes, including the "Five Sages", "Four Heroes", and "Two Heroes", and many other heroes gathered together.

(I) The Five Sages of Majiang

1. Song Confucian (1505-?) led the chieftain Hanlin in Majiang's literary style. In the fifth year of Longqing in the Ming Dynasty (1571), Xin Wei was a Jinshi and was the first to be the imperial examination in Majiang. He made three firsts in history in Majiang: the first Juren, the first Jinshi, and the first Hanlin. He was selected as a chieftain in the Hanlin Academy as a chieftain, and later served as the head of the Ministry of Rites, which is rare in the world.

2. Ai Mao (1722-1800). He was one of the three masters who worshipped Yangming Temple. He was a Jinshi of Xinwei in the 16th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1751). He was selected as a Shujishi of the Hanlin Academy and served as a reviewer of the Hanlin Academy and edited the national history. He was known as the Taishigong. He has taught in Yunnan Wuhua Academy and Guishan Academy in Guizhou for more than ten years. He has made great achievements in Yunnan and Guizhou. He has given lectures and worshipped the Yangming Temple for generations.

3. Xia Tonghe (1874-1925). The pioneer of modern Chinese law and politics was the top scholar. In the 24th year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1898), Xia Tonghe "Da Kui Tianxia". He was "selected by Emperor Guangxu" as a Jinshi (the top scholar) in the first class of the Wuxu dynasty and was awarded the compilation of the Hanlin Academy. He is one of the only two top scholars in history in Yunnan and Guizhou, the first top scholar to study abroad in Chinese history and the author of the first modern administrative law book, Administrative Law. This book is one of the earliest books in China to introduce the modern administrative legal system. He founded the earliest legal and political school in China, the Guangdong Law and Political School (one of the predecessors of Sun Yat-sen University today), and trained a large number of modern figures influencing Guangdong and even China. He served as a member of the House of Representatives and was one of the six directors of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution. His calligraphy is famous all over the world, and a large number of works are preserved in Guangdong and all over the country.

4. Zhou Gongshou (1876-1950) was the founder of modern education in Guizhou and was a Gengzi imperial examination in the 27th year of Guangxu (1901). After studying in Japan's Hongwen College, he founded the Guanli Higher Primary School and Primary School in Guiyang City, and organized the first sports meeting in Guizhou. Later, he served as the first director of the education department of Guizhou, established education bureaus of various counties, and established schools at all levels. He founded Guizhou University and served as the principal, and trained the first batch of college students in Guizhou. Founded Majiang Middle School and benefited my hometown. Organizing the compilation of historical records such as "Continued Revision of Zunyi Prefecture Chronicles" and "Majiang County Chronicles" is an important retention of local historical context.

5. Zhou Changshou (1888-1950) was a pioneer in modern Chinese physics. He studied at the Tokyo Imperial University in Japan and studied under the famous physicist Jun Ishihara. During his stay in Japan, he founded the Bingchen Society and was the first to introduce Einstein's Theory of Relativity to the Chinese. After returning to China, he worked as an editor of Commercial Press, and he compiled a large number of physics books. He is still a classic for studying physics and teaching physics. The "Modern Junior High School Textbook Physics" he compiled has been reprinted more than 120 times in less than seven years. He also serves as a professor at Daxia University, Fudan University and other schools, and is well-known.

(II) The four heroes of Majiang

1. Zhang Xianpei (1890-1912), a revolutionary hero who sniped Yuan Shikai after the Revolution of 1911, died for the republic.

2. Luo Jianxiong (1897-1928) A famous general of the Guizhou Army who still had loyal bones in the Northern Expedition

3. Wu Chuansheng (1876-1916) participated in the National Protection War and would rather die in the National Protection General on the battlefield.

4. Wu Houan, the pioneer of the Northern Expedition for 20 years (1894-1970)

(III) Majiang's two heroes

1. Dai Yunshan (1895-1955) is a wealthy businessman who is rich in Guiyang's provincial capital economy and the first in Guizhou Bank.

2. Zhou Shaoyang (1901-1953) a great businessman in the provincial capital with extraordinary courage.

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